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Live event Production in the Cloud

presentation Glossary

Amazon CloudFront

Amazon CloudFront - Content delivery network (CDN) service for fast and secure delivery of data, videos, applications, and APIs.

Amazon FSx

Amazon FSx - A fully managed file storage service optimized for performance-intensive workloads. FSx supports shared storage for editing, rendering, and media asset management in cloud-based production environments.

Amazon Glacier

Amazon Glacier - Low-cost cloud storage service for data archiving and long-term backup.

Amazon S3

Amazon Simple Storage Service - Scalable object storage service for data backup, archiving, and analytics.

API

In computer science, an application programming interface (often referred to by the term API for application programming interface) is a standardized set of classes, methods or functions that serves as a facade by which software offers services to other software.

Application

An application is a group of computer programs designed to allow a user to perform a set of functions or tasks.

ASP

Application Service Provider (FAH in French): Hosted application provider, applications used remotely via a Web interface on the service provider's server

ATEME

Ateme is a global technology company specializing in video compression, streaming, and content delivery solutions.

AWS

Amazon Web Services (AWS) is a comprehensive cloud computing platform provided by Amazon, offering services such as computing power, storage, and databases on demand.

AWS Elemental MediaConnect

AWS Elemental MediaConnect - Reliable, secure transport service for live video, enabling contribution and distribution workflows.

AWS Elemental MediaLive

AWS Elemental MediaLive - Live video encoding service for broadcast-quality streaming.

AWS Elemental MediaPackage

AWS Elemental MediaPackage - Service for packaging and delivering live and on-demand video content with security and scalability.

AWS Migration Hub

AWS Migration Hub - Centralized service to track and manage application migrations to AWS.

AWS Private 5G

AWS Private 5G - Managed service for deploying private 5G networks, enabling secure and scalable wireless connectivity.

AWS Transfer Family

AWS Transfer Family - Managed file transfer services supporting SFTP, FTPS, and FTP for secure data exchange.

AWS Wavelength

AWS Wavelength - Service that brings AWS compute and storage to the edge of 5G networks, reducing latency for mobile and connected devices.

Azure

See Microsoft Azure

BaaS

Backend-as-a-Service (BaaS) or mobile backend-as-a-service (mBaaS) is a cloud computing model in which the provider provides web and mobile application developers with tools and services that allow them to create an indirect cloud computing service for their applications. BaaS providers typically use software development kits (SDKs) and custom APIs to give developers the ability to connect their applications to backend cloud storage and features such as user management, push notifications and social network integration.

Backend database

any database that the user accesses indirectly

Big Data (Mégadonnées)

A set of data produced in real time and continuously, structured or not, and whose growth is exponential. Big data, because of its size, becomes impossible to manage with traditional database management tools. They come in particular from social media, smartphones, electronic transaction statements, public data put online, photos and digital videos transmitted online, signals from GPS location systems, etc.

Buildpacks

Buildpacks provide framework and execution support for applications. Buildpacks typically examine your applications to determine which dependencies to download and how to configure them to communicate with linked services. When you press an application, Cloud Foundry automatically detects the appropriate buildpack.

CDN

A CDN (Content Delivery Network) is a system of distributed servers that deliver web content and other digital assets (like images, videos, stylesheets, and scripts) to users based on their geographic location

Cloud Application

An application that runs in the cloud.

Cloud Backup

Cloud backup involves backing up data to a remote cloud server.

Cloud Computing

Cloud computing is a model for delivering computing services over the internet, allowing users to access and use resources like servers, storage, databases, networking, software, and more—without having to manage physical hardware directly

Cloud elasticity

See Elastic Computing

Cloud Foundry

Cloud Foundry is an open source platform, originally developed as a joint venture between VMware, EMC and General Electric, and now owned by Pivotal Software.

Cloud Marketplace

A cloud marketplace is an online marketplace, operated by a cloud service provider (CSP), where customers can browse and subscribe to software applications and development services designed, integrated or complementary to the CSP's core offering. Amazon's AWS Marketplace and Microsoft Azure Store are examples of cloud marketplaces.

Cloud Migration

Cloud migration involves transferring all or part of a company's data, applications, and services from on-premises to the cloud.

Cloud Native

Applications specifically developed for cloud platforms.

Cloud Sourcing

Consists of replacing traditional on-site IT operations with low-cost cloud services.

Cloud Storage

Cloud storage refers to a service that allows data to be stored on the Internet via a cloud service provider, rather than on a local hard drive or an on-premises physical server.

Cloud Washing

Cloud washing is a misleading marketing technique used to rename old products by connecting them to the cloud, or at least to the term cloud.

CloudFormation template

CloudFormation template - AWS service for defining and provisioning infrastructure as code using JSON or YAML templates.

CMP

A cloud management platform is a product that offers the user integrated management of public, private and hybrid cloud environments.

CoE

Center of Excellence - A dedicated team or initiative within an organization that drives cloud adoption, innovation, and best practices. In media, a CoE supports the transition to cloud-native production by upskilling teams and standardizing architectures.

Container

A container, an instance of virtualization in which the operating system kernel allows multiple instances of isolated user space. Unlike virtual machines (VMs), containers do not need to run a full operating system image for each instance. Instead, containers can run separate instances of an application within a single shared operating system.

CRM

Customer relationship management applications enable companies to manage their relationships with their current and future customers by providing them with tools to manage sales, customer service, and technical support roles. SaaS CRM applications, such as Salesforce.com, are very popular.

CSP

A cloud service provider (CSP) is a company that offers a cloud service, such as PaaS, IaaS, or SaaS, to individuals or other businesses.

DAAS

This new concept of "desktop as a service" completely outsources your workspace to a provider. Thus, it is possible to process your entire workload on a virtual platform provided by the provider and thus take advantage of all these advantages: automatic updating, transparent maintenance, data stored on external servers, accessible from any type of media.

DANTE

Digital Audio Network Through Ethernet - A protocol for transmitting high-quality, low-latency audio over IP networks. In cloud production, Dante enables distributed audio mixing and monitoring across remote teams and facilities.

Data Migration

The process of moving data between two or more storage systems, data formats, warehouses or servers.

Database

A database is an organized collection of data.

DevOps

Development and Operations - A fusion of development and operations, DevOps is the combination of tasks performed by an organization's application development and systems operations teams. The DevOps software development method emphasizes collaboration, communication, and integration between developers and other IT personnel with the goal of streamlining software development and quality assurance.

EC2

Elastic Compute Cloud - AWS service providing resizable virtual servers. In media workflows, EC2 instances are used for video processing, encoding, graphics rendering, and orchestration of live production components.

Elastic Computing

Elastic computing is the ability to quickly increase or decrease processing, memory, and storage resources to cope with fluctuations in demand, without having to worry about planning the capacity and engineering needed to cope with demand peaks. Generally controlled by system analysis tools, elastic computing adapts the amount of resources allocated to that of the resources needed, without affecting operations. Thanks to cloud elasticity, a company does not have to pay for unused capacity or idle resources, and does not have to worry about investing in the purchase or maintenance of additional resources and equipment.

Elasticity

Elasticity is a term used to refer to the ability of a system to adapt to changing workload demand by provisioning and deprovisioning pooled resources so that the allocated resources best match the current demand.

Elemental

Elemental - AWS company providing video processing and delivery solutions.

Enterprise Application

An enterprise application is an application (or software) intended for large-scale use by a (large) company.

ERP

Enterprise resource planning (ERP) software allows businesses or organizations to manage a suite of integrated applications used to collect, manage, and store data on various activities. ERP solutions are often offered as a service.

Extensibility

The ability of a cloud solution to add new runtime and infrastructure support via buildpacks (see definition) community.

Federated Database

A system in which multiple databases appear to function as a single entity. However, the databases generally involved in this type of system exist independently of each other. Once the different databases are combined, a federated database is formed.

GCP

Google Cloud Platform is a cloud computing platform by Google, offering hosting on the same infrastructure that Google uses internally for products such as its search engine. Cloud Platform provides developers with products to build a range of programs from simple websites to complex applications.

Grabyo

Grabyo is a cloud-based video production platform designed for broadcasters, publishers, and media organizations to produce, edit, and distribute live and real-time video content across digital and social platforms

Guest Machine

See: Virtual, (Virtual Machine)

Host Machine

A host machine refers to a physical or virtual computer that provides resources, services, or environments to other systems or users. It’s a foundational concept in computing, especially in virtualization, networking, and cloud environments

Hybrid Cloud

A hybrid cloud is an environment made up of a mix of private and public cloud solutions and on the same site. In a hybrid cloud, the private and public cloud infrastructures remain separate, but are linked by technology that enables data and service portability between them.

Hypervisor

A hypervisor or virtual machine monitor (VMM) is software that allows physical devices to share their resources between virtual machines (VMs) running on that physical hardware. The hypervisor creates, runs, and manages virtual computers.

IAAS

(Infrastructure as a service) allows a company to acquire a cloud IT Infrastructure from a service provider to develop its own applications. This exempts it from heavy investments in hardware (machines, servers, processors...).

IDE

An integrated development environment (IDE) is an application that provides a programming environment for developers. An IDE typically includes a code editor, automation tools, and a debugger.

Infrastructure

Information technology (IT) infrastructure is a combined set of hardware and virtual resources supporting an overall computing environment.

Linear

Linear - Traditional broadcast television model with scheduled programming.

Linux

Linux is, in the narrow sense, the Linux operating system kernel, and in the broad sense, any operating system based on the Linux kernel. In the broad sense, the Linux kernel was developed for PC-compatible personal computers, and was to be accompanied by GNU software to constitute an operating system. Supporters of the GNU project have since promoted the combined name GNU/Linux. Since the 2000s, the Linux kernel has been used on computer hardware ranging from mobile phones to supercomputers, and is not always accompanied by GNU software. This is particularly the case with Android, which equips more than 80% of smartphones.The Linux kernel was created in 1991 by Linus Torvalds. It is free software. Linux distributions have been, and remain, an important vector for popularizing the open source movement.

LiveU

LiveU - Provider of live video streaming solutions using cellular bonding technology.

Load Balancing

The process of distributing computing workloads across multiple resources, such as servers. A load balancer acts as a reverse proxy and distributes application traffic across multiple servers to prevent any application server from becoming a single point of failure.

M&E

Media & Entertainment - Refers to the industry segment encompassing content creation, production, distribution, and monetization. In the context of AWS, M&E solutions are tailored to support high-throughput, low-latency media workflows, including live sports, news, and entertainment.

MAM

Media Asset Management - A broader system for organizing, cataloging, and retrieving media content across the content lifecycle. Cloud-native MAMs facilitate AI-driven metadata tagging, version control, and seamless integration with editing and distribution platforms.

MCR

Master Control Room - The final checkpoint in the broadcast chain responsible for signal integrity, compliance, and playout. Cloud-based MCRs enable centralized monitoring and automation across distributed production environments.

Microservices

The microservices architecture allows applications to be designed in which complex applications are built from a suite of small services that can be deployed independently. These microservices run their own processes and communicate with each other using lightweight mechanisms such as language-independent APIs. Microservices are independently serviced and scalable, and can even be written in different languages.

Microsoft Azure

Microsoft Azure (Windows Azure until 2014) is Microsoft's cloud application platform. Its name evokes cloud computing (outsourcing a company's IT resources to remote datacenters).

Middleware

Middleware is software that connects software components or enterprise applications.

MSP

A Managed Service Provider (MSP) is a third-party company that remotely manages a customer's IT infrastructure and end-user systems, typically on a proactive basis and under a subscription mode

Multi-Cloud

A multi-cloud strategy involves simultaneously using multiple cloud service providers to meet different infrastructure, platform, or software needs. A multi-cloud approach can help prevent vendor lock-in and can help a business deal with diverse workloads and partners. However, a multi-cloud approach can complicate many processes, such as security and governance, and a Cloud management platform is recommended for this approach.

Multi-Tenancy

Multi-tenancy is a software operating mode in which multiple instances of one or more applications run in a shared environment. In a cloud computing model, pooled physical and virtual resources are dynamically allocated and reassigned to tenants based on consumer demand.

NDI

Network Device Interface - A low-latency IP video protocol enabling real-time video transport over standard Ethernet networks. NDI is used in hybrid and cloud workflows for flexible signal routing and integration with software-based production tools.

NRCS

Newsroom Computer System - Software used in broadcast newsrooms to manage editorial workflows, rundowns, and teleprompters. Integration with cloud-based production tools enables real-time updates and remote collaboration for live news production.

On-Demand Self Service

A service model where a customer can provide additional cloud resources on demand, without involving the service provider. Resources are typically provided via an online control panel.

On-Premise

On-premise technology is software or infrastructure that runs on computers located on the premises (of the building) of the person or organization using the software or infrastructure. Microsoft Office Suite is an example of on-premise software, as it must be installed on the computer that runs it, unlike Office365, as it is accessible via the Internet and runs remotely.

Open Source

Open Source is a development model in which the source code of a product is made available to the public. Open Source products promote the development of collaborative communities and rapid prototyping. OpenStack and CloudFoundry are examples of open source cloud computing platforms.

Open Stack

OpenStack is a free and open-source cloud platform primarily deployed as an infrastructure as a service offering.

OTT

Over-the-top - refers to movies and television shows that are delivered directly to users. Instead of requiring a cable or satellite television subscription, OTT content can be downloaded and viewed on demand. Popular OTT media includes Netflix, Hulu, Amazon Prime, and HBO Now. Free services like YouTube and Vimeo are also considered OTT, although they compete less directly with television providers.

PAAS

Platform as a Service is a cloud computing model in which a provider provides the hardware and software tools needed to create, deploy, and manage large-scale applications for the user over the Internet, as a service.

PAM

Production Asset Management - A system for managing production-specific assets such as raw footage, graphics, and metadata. PAM systems integrated with cloud storage (e.g., Amazon S3) support collaborative workflows and real-time access across geographies.

PCR

Production Control Room - The operational hub for live production, where switching, graphics, audio, and intercom are managed. In cloud-based models, the PCR is virtualized, allowing remote operation and dynamic scaling, reducing the need for physical infrastructure.

Personal Cloud

A marketing term often used to describe network-attached storage (NAS) devices. A NAS device is a network-connected computer that provides data storage services to other devices on the network.

Platform

In computer science, a platform is defined as a computer system on which applications run or as a base of technologies on which other technologies (such as applications) are built.

Private Cloud

A private cloud is a cloud infrastructure configured for use by a single organization made up of multiple users. A private cloud cabinet managed and operated by the organization, a third party, or a combination thereof, which may exist on or off site.

Proxy

A proxy is a computer software component that acts as an intermediary by placing itself between two hosts to facilitate or monitor their exchanges. In the more precise context of computer networks, a proxy is then a program serving as an intermediary to access another network, generally the Internet. By extension, a hardware such as a server set up to ensure the operation of such services is also called a proxy. Warning: the proxy is located at the application layer (HTTP, FTP, SSH, etc. layer 7). A common error is to use the traceroute command (or tracert in Windows) to try to see the proxy. It does not appear, because this command, which uses the IP network protocol of layer 3, cannot know the proxy.

Public Cloud

A public cloud is a cloud infrastructure hosted by a cloud service provider and made available to the public over the Internet.

REMI

See Remote Production

Remote production

Remote production, REMI (Remote Integration Model) or at-home is a broadcast workflow where content is captured live at a remote location while production is performed in the main studio. Remote production is used for several purposes in video broadcasting, including news and sporting events when building a complete production suite on site is not reasonable. In the past, remote production teams required the use of expensive equipment such as mobile studios (OB Van) and satellite links to retransmit live audio and video to their production studio. However, as technology has evolved, more and more sites are equipped with broadband connections and many broadcasters have turned to using the public internet to broadcast audio/video streams. In addition to being a more economical solution, video broadcasting over an IP network has been shown to have lower latency than many satellite workflows, thus becoming an advantageous option for remote production for live broadcasts.

Resource

In computer science, a resource is any component of a computer system whose availability is limited.

SAAS

Software as a service (SaaS) is a cloud computing model in which applications (software) are hosted by a provider and delivered to the user as a service. SaaS applications are licensed by subscription and are made available to users over a network, typically the Internet. Because SaaS applications are accessible anytime, anywhere, and on any platform, they have become a popular model for delivering many business applications. A well-known example of SaaS is Microsoft Office 365, which provides Microsoft's famous suite of productivity software - including MS Word and Excel - as a service.

Scalability

Scalability is the ability of a process, system, or infrastructure to handle an increasing workload. In other words, a scalable system adapts to increasing demands. The ability to scale on demand is one of the main benefits of cloud computing.

SDK

A software development kit (SDK toolkit or devkit) is a set of development tools that facilitate or enable the creation of applications for a given platform. Development kits typically include APIs, code samples, documentation, debuggers, and other utilities.

SDVI

SDVI - Provider of cloud-based media supply chain management solutions.

Shared Resources

Shared resources, also known as network resources, are computing resources that are remotely accessible via a network, such as a local area network (LAN) or the Internet.

SI

Systems Integrator - A company or team that designs and implements complex media workflows by integrating hardware, software, and cloud services. SIs play a key role in transitioning traditional broadcast operations to cloud-native architectures.

SLA

A service level agreement (SLA) is a contract between a customer and a cloud service provider (Cloud Service Provider) that defines the service level, availability, and performance guaranteed by the CSP.

Software Stack

A software stack is a defined group of applications that operate in a specific order to achieve a common goal.

SSMO

Super Slow Motion - High-frame-rate video capture used for detailed replay, especially in sports. Cloud-based SSMO workflows require low-latency transport (e.g., JPEG XS over MediaConnect) and high-performance compute for real-time replay and analysis.

Standard - JPEG XS

JPEG Extra Small - A visually lossless, low-latency image compression standard optimized for live video transport over IP. Used in cloud production to maintain high quality while minimizing bandwidth and latency.

Techex

Techex - Company specializing in IP video and cloud-based media workflows.

TVU Networks

TVU Networks - Provider of IP-based live video solutions for broadcast and streaming.

UGC

User-Generated Content - Content created and shared by users, often via social platforms. In cloud production, UGC can be ingested, moderated, and integrated into live broadcasts using AI and automated workflows.

UI

In information technology, the user interface (UI) refers to the elements of a computer device with which a human can interact: screen, keyboard, mouse, stylus, desktop appearance, luminous characters, help messages, as well as how an application or website solicits and responds to interactions.

User Space

Memory area of an operating system where application software runs.

VDI

Virtual desktop infrastructure is a desktop operating system hosted on a virtual machine.

Vendor Lock-in

Vendor lock-in occurs when a customer is locked into a given cloud service provider. Vendor lock-in is characterized by extreme difficulty in switching from one provider to another, usually due to the lack of standardized protocols, APIs, data structures, and service models.

Vertical Cloud

A vertical cloud is a solution designed or optimized for a specific industry, such as manufacturing, financial services, or healthcare.

VM

In computer science, a virtual machine is an illusion of a computer device created by emulation software or instantiated on a hypervisor. The emulation software simulates the presence of hardware and software resources such as memory, processor, hard drive, even the operating system and drivers, allowing programs to run under the same conditions as those of the simulated machine. Virtual machines are often used to isolate applications for security reasons, to increase the robustness of a server by limiting the impact of system errors, or to emulate multiple machines on a single physical machine (virtualization). The use of virtual machines is one of the fundamental principles of Java technology.

VPN

A VPN is called a virtual private network. A VPN allows you to connect local networks via a secure link. The VPN is one of the accesses.

Zixi

Zixi - Platform for broadcast-quality video delivery over IP networks.

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